JPHC CE: Urine Drug Screening: What Pediatric Clinicians Need to Know to Optimize Patient Care
0.5 contact hour of which 0.5 contain pharmacology content and 0.5 controlled substances. This continuing education activity is offered free to NAPNAP Members. For non- members, this continuing education activity rate is $10. Urine drug screening (UDS) is a laboratory test frequently used to screen for drugs of abuse, monitor for medication compliance, evaluate for suspected drug intoxication or overdose, and in office-based pain contracts (Kale, 2019; Standridge, Adams, & Zotos, 2010). In children and adolescents,UDS may be used to prevent substance use, evaluate for suspected drug use or intoxication, or as part of substance abuse treatment (Levy & Siqueira, 2014). When using UDS as a tool to make clinical decisions about high-risk medications, it is important to understand the differences between UDS testing modalities, common causes of falsepositive or false-negative results, and the detection window of specific medications. There are two commonly used types of UDS available: immunoassay and gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC-MS; Kale, 2019).